general knowledge refresher

general knowledge refresher 

general knowledge refresher Published this article page no 91  Observed on 22 March every year.  Observed since 1993.  Coordinated by UNWater – the UNs interagency collaboration mechanism for all freshwater related issues – in collaboration with governments and partners.  The World Water Development Report is also released by the UN every year around World Water Day.  Theme of World Water Day 2022 Groundwater making the invisible visible is the theme for this years World Water Day. Water a human right  In 2010 the UN recognized the right to safe and clean drinking water and sanitation as a human right that is essential for the full enjoyment of life and all human rights.  The human right to water entitles everyone without discrimination to sufficient safe acceptable physically accessible and affordable water for personal and domestic use which includes water for drinking personal sanitation washing of clothes food preparation and personal and household hygiene.  People are left behind without safe water for many different reasons. Some of them include 1. Sex and gender. 2. Race ethnicity religion birth caste language and nationality. 3. Disability age and health status. 4. Property tenure residence economic and social status. 5. Other factors such as environmental degradation climate change population growth conflict forced displacement and migration flows can also disproportionately affect marginalized groups through impacts on water. Why conserve groundwater? 1. Groundwater reserves are already under pressure as the global population explodes and crop production rises in lockstep. 2. Extreme weather events such as drought and record rainfall — have both made worse by our heating planet — could have another longlasting impact on how quickly reserves replenish. 3. Only half of all groundwater supplies are likely to fully replenish or rebalance within the next 100 years — potentially leading to shortages in drier areas. 4. The process through which rainwater is filtered through bedrock and accumulated underground can take centuries and varies greatly by region. 5. As climate change delivers longer droughts and bigger superstorms the extremes of rainfall become more pronounced impacting groundwater reserves for generations to come.  Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) aims to ensure availability and sustainable management of water for all by 2030. By definition this means leaving no one behind.  In addition to it the International Decade for Action on Water for Sustainable Development (2018 2028) is being observed general knowledge refresher buy.

general knowledge refresher 

pratiyogita darpan english

pratiyogita darpan english 

pratiyogita darpan english  Published this article page no  85 The XR global website however states that the movement is strictly nonviolent and that they are reluctant lawbreakers.  In April 2019 Greta Thunberg the teenage Swedish climate activist lent her support to the group by speaking to its members in London. XR and India  The movement claims to have been inspired by 15 major civil disobedience movements around the world including apart from Womens Suffrage and the Arab Spring Indias struggle for Independence.  It refers to Mahatma Gandhis Salt March in 1930.  XRs website says there are 19 groups in the country including in the cities of Mumbai Pune Delhi Hyderabad Bengaluru Kolkata and Chennai. 9. Cheetah reintroduction project The cheetah which became extinct in India after Independence is all set to return with the Union Government launching an action plan. Under the Action Plan for Introduction of Cheetah in India 50 of these big cats will be introduced in the next five years. The action plan was launched at the 19th meeting of the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA). What is reintroduction and why reintroduce Cheetah now?  Reintroduction of a species means releasing it in an area where it is capable of surviving.  Reintroductions of large carnivores have increasingly been recognised as a strategy to conserve threatened species and restore ecosystem functions.  The cheetah is the only large carnivore that has been extirpated mainly by overhunting in India in historical times.  India now has the economic ability to consider restoring its lost natural heritage for ethical as well as ecological reasons. Facts  The cheetah Acinonyx jubatus is one of the oldest of the big cat species with ancestors that can be traced back more than five million years to the Miocene era.  The cheetah is also the worlds fastest land mammal.  African Cheetah is listed as vulnerable in IUCN red listed species.  The countrys last spotted feline died in Chhattisgarh in 1947. Later the cheetah — which is the fastest land animal — was declared extinct in India in 1952 pratiyogita darpan English buy.  

pratiyogita darpan english 

meri saheli magazine online

meri saheli magazine online 

meri saheli magazine online Published this article page no  21 NASA hopes to extend the program with the moonorbiting crewed Artemis 2 mission in 2024 then a landing on Artemis 3 in 2025 ahead of other crewed missions later in the 2020s. Scientific objectives  142 1. Find and use water and other critical resources needed for longterm exploration. 2. Investigate the Moons mysteries and learn more about our home planet and the universe. 3. Learn how to live and operate on the surface of another celestial body where astronauts are just three days from home. 4. Prove the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars which can take up to three years roundtrip. Moon Exploration 1. In 1959 the Soviet Unions uncrewed Luna 1 and 2 became the first rover to visit the Moon. 2. Before the USA sent the Apollo 11 mission to the Moon it sent three classes of robotic missions between 1961 and 1968. 3. After July 1969 12 American astronauts walked on the surface of the Moon until 1972. 4. In the 1990s the USA resumed lunar exploration with robotic missions Clementine and Lunar Prospector. 5. In 2009 it began a new series of robotic lunar missions with the launch of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS). 6. In 2011 NASA began the ARTEMIS. 7. In 2012 the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) spacecraft studied the Moons gravity. 8. Apart from the USA the European Space Agency Japan China and India have sent missions to explore the Moon. China landed two rovers on the surface which includes the firstever landing on the Moons far side in 2019. Insta Curious On 20th July 1969 Neil Armstrong along with Edwin Buzz Aldrin became the first human to step on the Moon as part of the Apollo 11 mission. Insta Links Prelims Link 1. Names of various craters and their locations on the moon. 2. Manned missions to the Moon so far. 3. Indias missions to the moon. Mains Link Write a note on NASAs Artemis program. 2. Solar conjunction event Context A team of scientists from different units of ISRO used Sband radio signals from Mangalyaan the Indian Mars orbiter to study the solar corona and locate the area of the sun where the temperature rises abruptly meri saheli magazine online buy.

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Junior Science Refresher

Junior Science Refresher

Junior Science Refresher this is science magazine in india  Published this article page no 46  National and State Boards: These are constituted under the Act to regulate ART services. o State Boards will coordinate enforcement of the policies and guidelines for ART as per the recommendations, policies, and regulations of the National Board. 90o No court will take cognisance of offences under the Act, except on a complaint made by the National or State Board or any officer authorised by the Boards. Stringent punishment: Act introduced stringent punishment for those practising sex selection, sale of human embryos or gametes, running agencies, rackets, and organisations violating the law. Conditions for gamete donation and supply, offering ART services have also been prescribed. Concerns associated with the Act Violation of fundamental rights o Article 14: It allows for a married heterosexual couple and a woman above the age of marriage to use ARTs and excludes single men, cohabiting heterosexual couples and LGBTQ individuals and couples from accessing ARTsIt goes against the spirit of the Supreme Courts landmark verdict in Navtej Johar vs Union of India (2018), where states were advised to take positive steps for equal protection for same-sex couples. o Article 23: Lack of compensation for providing reproductive labour violative of Article 23 of the Constitution of India which prohibits forced labour. Less protection to donor: It does little to protect the egg donor, as harvesting of eggs is an invasive process which, if performed incorrectly, can result in death  junior science refresher magazine buy. 

Junior Science Refresher

Junior Science Refresher

Junior Science Refresher

Junior Science Refresher this is science magazine in india  Published this article page no  71 Drones use can help address most of these issues. 86It will also help in finding solutions to: ○ Addressing Increasing food demand with world population predicted to reach 9 billion by 2050; ○ React faster to pest invasions. E.g. in 2020, drones were used in fight against the attack on crops by swarms of locusts in India. ○ Help in future needs of agriculture through micro level resource management to overcome unsuitable farming methods. E.g. In an experiment, drones helped in reducing herbicide use by 52% in a Brazilian soybean field. ○ Help in Smart Agriculture through direct communication between drones and other agricultural equipment. It involves processing of drone inputs to create field maps and sending it to farm equipment. Challenges Unviable Commercial Operation due to small and scattered landholding. E.g. According to the Agriculture Census (2015-16), around 86% farmers in India hold land less than 5 acres. Limited Flight time and range of Drones due to relatively high payloads (20-60 minutes). High Initial costs of drones with maintenance issues. Connectivity issues in rural areas for online coverage. Knowledge and skill issues as it needs specialized skills and knowledge from farmer to utilize drone inputs, Concerns over misuse of drones to infringe privacy and security (especially in border areas). Weather dependence with difficulties to operate in windy or rainy weather. Way Forward With Drone Rules, 2021 and the SOPs, the main challenge of the past, i.e. lack of national laws or rules is taken care of. Further, a PLI scheme for drones would benefit all sectors including agriculture and achieve Indias potential to become a global drone hub by 2030. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is already working on SENSAGRI, SENsor based Smart AGRIculture through the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) and partner Institutes to develop indigenous prototype for drone based crop and soil health monitoring system using hyperspectral remote sensing (HRS) sensors. We should further expand the scope of research to study the quality of its operations and fine-tune telecom, skill, and other policies/initiatives to address the challenges of connectivity and skills among others. 7.3. JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE (JWST) Why in news? Recently, the James Webb Space Telescope, NASAs most powerful telescope, is rocketed into orbit. More on news junior science refresher magazine buy.

Junior Science Refresher

 

Junior Science Refresher